| Predicting one specific pair from traits | Cannot | A Two studies, 100+ pre-measured traits | Machine learning predicted 4 to 18% of how much you like people and 7 to 27% of how much people like you, and none at all of the fit between two specific people [1] |
| Similarity, at a first meeting | Helps | A Meta-analysis, 460 effect sizes | Actual similarity r = .47 with attraction, but not significant in existing relationships [2] |
| Deep-level similarity at work | Helps | A Meta-analysis, 82 samples | r = .46 with getting on with your manager, .37 with job satisfaction, .32 with job performance [3] |
| Surface-level similarity | Does nothing | A Same meta-analysis | Not significant for job performance, job satisfaction, manager relationship, citizenship or commitment [3] |
| Complementary dominance | Helps | B Lab studies, small samples | People who complemented a partner liked them more than people who mirrored them [5] |
| Team floor on agreeableness | Helps | A Meta-analysis | In field teams, the least agreeable member predicted performance where the average did not [7] |
| Spread in conscientiousness | Hurts | A Meta-analysis | ρ = −.24. Mixing very diligent with very lax beats neither [8] |
| Team personality effects overall | Weak | A Most recent meta-analysis, 2024 | Team personality traits were only weakly related to team performance, with moderators doing much of the work [9] |
| Task conflict, the supposedly good kind | Hurts | A Meta-analysis, direction only | Negative for both performance and satisfaction, against what the textbooks say. Worse on complex work [10] |
| Task conflict under psychological safety | Helps | B 117 project teams | The benefits of task conflict showed up only where psychological safety was high [12] |
| Arguing about who does what | Hurts most | A Meta-analysis, 89 studies | Process conflict had the strongest relationship with team performance of the three conflict types [11] |
| Psychological safety | Helps | A Meta-analysis, 136 samples | Over 22,000 people and around 5,000 groups; strongest links to engagement, satisfaction and commitment [13] |
| Having worked together before | Helps | B Large archival field study | Team familiarity predicted performance, while years of individual experience did not [16] |
| Fitting the group you are in | Helps attitudes | A Meta-analysis, 172 studies | Moderate links to job satisfaction and to staying, but only a modest link to job performance [17] |
| Team diversity, all kinds | Helps a little | A Registered report, 2,638 effect sizes | Modest positive correlations, larger on complex or creative work. The authors caution against overselling it [18] |
| Dormant faultlines | Depends | A Meta-analysis, 24,953 teams | Contrary to widespread belief, not directly related to performance or satisfaction. Only activated ones are [14] |
| Type labels as a basis for matching | Unstable | A The publisher’s own manual | Only 65% of people get the same four-letter MBTI type when retested four weeks later [19] |